TEM4---英语专业四级语法词汇+答案详解03-13
2013年
51. Facing the board of directors, he didn’t deny ________ breaking the agreement.
A. him    B. it    C. his    D. its
官场斗解析：动名词可以有自己的逻辑主语，一般可以用名词所有格Tom's，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用物主代词his，their。本题选C。
52. Xinchun returned from abroad a different man. The italicized part functions as a (n) _______.
A. appositive (同位语)  B. object  C. adverbial  D. complement.
解析：这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题目里的都不是这种现象，很多语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了一点，但情况很微妙。此书又说 More problematic is the constituent following other verbs that could be used intransitively with the same mean
ing, as in: Saint Ethelbert was born a Saxon princess. (she was born) He returned a broken man. (he returned) He died young. (he died) We shall consider such constituents as Complements on the strength of the possible paraphrase containing be (When he returned he was a broken man; When he died he was young). 这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也承认这样的句子很不一般，不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为可以看作是主语补语，因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措辞显然没有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。据此，本题可以选D，是主语补足语。 
53. Which of the following is a compound word (复合词)?
A. Nonsmoker  B. Deadline  C. Meanness    D. Misfit
解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。A compound is a word that consists of more than one free morpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而free morpheme是指能独立存在使用的词素，bound morpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素，比如前缀后缀属于bound morpheme，如pre-，-ment，
在单词shipment里，ship就是free morpheme，-ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline是由两个free morpheme构成（dead + line），其他三个都有Bound morpheme比如non, ness, mis-等。girls generation
 
54. Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood?
A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o'clock.
B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro.
C. Walk straight ahead, and don't turn till the second traffic lights.
D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday.谁说也不信他
解析: subjunctive mood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟语气用法，其中that从句里省略了should。 
55. The following determiners(限定词) can be used with both plural and uncountable nouns EXCEPT __________.
A. more    B. enough    C. many    D. such
elvis presley解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了，比如more money, more trees; enough money, enough trees; many money?, many trees; such big trees, such behavior.所以选C。
56. Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?
A. She opened the door and quietly went in.
B. Victoria likes music and Sam is fond of sports.
马诺门照艳C. Think it over again and you'll get an answer.
D. He is somewhat arrogant, and I don't like this.
解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示对比。
57. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词)?
  A. Much    B. Neither    C. One    D. Quarter
解析：所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替名词或名词短语，避免重复的词，英语里one, ones,(the)same等都是常见的。比如There are good films as well as bad ones.除此以外还有the kind, the sort，比如Slang disappears quickly, especially the juvenile sort.还有一些不定代词等比如all, both, some, any enough, several, none, many, much, (a) few, (a) little, the other, others, another, either, neither等，比如Can you get me some nails? I need some. I don’t want any more food. I’ve had enough. 本题选D, quarter不是名词替代词。 
58. All the following sentences definitely indicate future time EXCEPT __.
A. Mother is to have tea with Aunt Betty at four.
B. The President is coming to the UN next week,
C. The school pupils will be home by now.
D. He is going to email me the necessary information.
解析：这道题既考查时态，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是将来时的各种表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和by now矛盾，这里will的用法是指you think something is true，表说话人自己的看法，比如That will be Tim coming home now; Ask anyone and they will tell you the same thing. 本题选C。
59. Which of the following sentences is grammatically INCORRECT?
A. Politics are the art or science of government.
B. Ten miles seems like a long walk to me.
C. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease.
D. All the furniture has arrived undamaged. 章龄之个人资料
解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreement/concord）。ten miles看作整体单数，mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(political science)，是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politics have always interested me. 本题选A。
60. Which of in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship?
A. The arrival of the tourists    B. The law of Newton
C. The occupation of the island    D. The plays of Oscar Wilde
解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解，基本就是原句。第五版的55页，名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相同之处，比如the trunk of
an elephant=an elephant's trunk，表示主谓关系有the arrival of the prime minister;表示动宾关系 the occupation of the Island;表来源 the law of Newton。因此据此本题选A。但我要吐槽的是先不说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的说法我就不太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法，英语里说主谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？