【走进高考】
1.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't ___________ what he was saying.
A. set aside B. take back
C. make out D. keep off
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
【答案D
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：他到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived之后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing Winer Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed C. are installed D. have been installed
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：他们正努力确保在2022年北京冬奥会之前安装5G终端。表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作，用将来完成时。“5G终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选B。
4【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene _
__64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】B
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
5.【2019·新课标II卷·语法填空】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
【答案】are
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
6.【2019·新课标III卷·语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
【答案】were invited。
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
7.【2018·北京】—Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.
—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.
A. start B. have started C. started D. had started
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：—嗨，我是彼得。你是新来的吗？我没有在附近见过你。—你好，彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知，Bob现在在这儿，他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的事情，周一是一个过去的时间，故该句应用一般过去时态，C选项正确。
8.【2018·江苏】I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two years.
A. had been carried out B. would be carried out
C. is being carried out D. has been carried out
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中时间状语last month和in the past two years可知用过去完成时。故选A。
9.【2017·北京】People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险，结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在，所以than前一句话是用现在的时间，而且后一句用的就是现在时态，所以前面也用现在时态，故选B。
10.【2017·天津卷】Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
A. regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：现在骑自行车，慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard…as…把…看作…和句意确定应该用被动语态，排除A和D，再根据主语部分是由介词短语along with 连接的三个动名词做主语，应该谓语动词应该就前一致，即用单数，排除C，故选B。
【语法精讲】
一、谓语动词
(一)动词的时态和语态
题型 | 典题试做 | 考点解读 |
语法填空 | (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Diets have changed in China—and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country has grown (grow) more corn than rice. (2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government started (start) a soiltesting program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. (2018·全国卷Ⅲ)True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal meant (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder！” (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later, engineers managed (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道), which became known as the Tube. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes (come) first.” (2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were used (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah has been told/was told (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. | 时态的考查主要是一般现在时和一般过去时； 考查被动语态的用法； 主谓一致的考查 |
要点一 各种时态与语态的构成
现在 | 过去 | 将来 | 过去将来 | |||||
主动 | 被动 | 主动 | 被动 | 主动 | 被动 | 主动 | 被动 | |
一般 | do/does | am/is/are done | did | was/were done | shall/ will do | shall/will be done | should/ would do | should/would be done |
进行 | am/is/ are doing | am/is/are being done | was/were doing | was/were being done | shall/will be doing | shall/will be being done | should/would be doing | should/would be being done |
完成 | has/ have done | has/have been done | had done | had been done | shall/will have done | shall/will have been done | should/would have done | should/would have been done |
完成 进行 | has/have been doing | \ | had been doing | \ | shall/will have been doing | \ | should/would have been doing | \ |
要点二 各种时态的用法
考点一
一、一般现在时
1．表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, never, sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。
◆(陕西卷)On Monday mornings it usually i started a joketakes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.
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