refresh [rɪˈfreʃ]
vt.使恢复，使振作；使焕然一新
Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?
弄清楚你希望形象提升给你带来什么样的影响。你是想给自己一个全新的形象还是想以现有形象为核心呢？（2016 年英语一阅读理解Part B）
hail [heɪl]
n. 冰雹；一阵
Hail is composed of small balls of ice that fall like stars from the sky.
冰雹由小的冰球组成，就像从天而降的星星。
vi. 下冰雹；如冰雹般地降下
When it hails, the small hail falls like stars from the sky.
当下冰雹时，小小的冰雹宛若从天而降的星星。
vt. 致敬；打招呼；喊；赞扬（或称颂）
We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens to be kicked out. 我们称赞他们趋同于美国人，或者给他们打上外来人的标签，要将其驱逐出境。（2013年英语二阅读理解Part A Text 2）
coalition [kəʊəˈlɪʃn]
n. 结合体，同盟；结合，联合
And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress．
并且它还授权一个州级机构联盟“鱼类及野生动物管理局西部联合会（WAFWA）”来监督这项工作的进展情况。（2016年英语二阅读理解Part A Text 2）
cater [ˈkeɪtər]
vi. 投合，迎合；满足需要；提供饮食及服务
Demand comes mainly from two sources: independent mom-and-pop grocery stores,
which unlike large retail chains, are too small to buy straight from producers, and food service operators that cater to consumers when they don’t eat at home.
市场需求主要有两个来源：一是独立经营的夫妻杂货店，它们不同于大型零售连锁店，因规模太小而无法直接从生产商那里进货；二是满足在外就餐的顾客需求的食品服务经营机构。（2010年英语一阅读理解Part B）
technical [ˈteknɪkl]
adj. 技术上的，技巧的
The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects.
国际科技和医学出版商协会称，在世界各地有超过2000家出版商专门在这些领域从事出版活动。（2008年英语阅读理解Part A Text 2）
bleak [bliːk]
adj. 阴冷的；荒凉的；黯淡的
David Graddol concludes that monoglot English graduates face a bleak economic future as qualified multilingual youngsters from other countries are proving to have a competitive advantage over their British counterparts in global companies and organizations.
大卫·格拉多尔的结论是，仅仅会英语的毕业生将面临暗淡的经济前景，因为来自其他国家的优质的、掌握多种语言的年轻人正在证明他们比跨国公司和组织中的英国同行更具优势。（2017年英语一翻译）
vast [væst]
adj. 广阔的；巨大的；大量的
The researchers mapped not only the city’s vast and ornate ceremonial areas, but also hundreds of simpler apartment complexes where common people lived.from silence
研究者不仅绘制出了该城奢侈盛大的典礼场地，而且绘制出了普通人居住的成百上千的简易复式建筑。（2014年英语一阅读理解Part B）
confident [ˈkɒnfɪdənt]
adj. 自信的；有信心的
I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.
我非常肯定我们正处在谷底。（2010年英语二阅读理解Part A Text 1）
common [ˈkɒmən]
adj. 普通的；通俗的
So, what Kennedy was referring to was that while GDP has been the most common method for measuring the economic activity of nations, as a measure, it is no longer enough.
所以，肯尼迪所指的是，尽管国内生产总值已经成为衡量国家经济活动最普遍的方法，但是作为衡量指标已经远远不够了。（2017年英语一阅读理解Part A Text 3）
halt [hɔ:lt]
n. 暂停；停止，中止
To follow, without halt, one aim: that’s the secret of success. (Anna Pavlova-Russia artist)
无休止地追随一个目标不断前进，这就是成功的秘密。
vt. & vi. 阻止；（使）停止；（使）中断
They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain’s addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiraling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease.
他们认为政府有必要采取行动来抑制英国人对不健康食品的上瘾，并帮助抑制肥胖、糖尿病和心脏病发病率的不断攀升。（2011年英语二阅读理解Part B）
compromise [ˈkɒmprəmaɪz]
n. 妥协，折中；和解
The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea. 天文学界正在做出让步来改变其对莫纳克亚山的使用。（2017年英语一阅读理解Part A Text 2）
vt. & vi. 妥协
If you want to bring an end to long-standing conflict, you have to be prepared to compromise. (Aung San Suu Kyi-Burmese activist)
如果你想终止这长期以来的冲突，那么你必须准备好妥协。
worship [ˈwɜːrʃɪp]
n. 崇拜；礼拜；尊敬
Between men and women there is no friendship possible. There is passion, enmity, worship, love, but no friendship. （Oscar Wilde-Irish poet and playwright）
男女之间不可能存在友谊，有的只是爱恨情仇，唯独没有友谊。
vt. 崇拜；尊敬；爱慕
At issue is the TMT’s planned location on Mauna Kea, a dormant volcano worshiped by some Hawaiians as the piko, that connects the Hawaiian Islands to the heavens.
有争议的是TMT的计划建造地点——莫纳克亚山，它是被一些夏威夷人信奉为“piko”的休眠火山，他们认为此山连接着夏威夷岛和天堂。（2017年英语一阅读理解Part A Text 2）
silence [ˈsaɪləns]
n. 宁静，安静
Whe n I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn’t keep the conversation going, we’d spend the whole evening in silence.
我下班回家后就感觉无话可说，如果她也不说话的话，我们整个晚上都会保持沉默。（2010年英语二阅读理解Part A Text 2）
vary [ˈv eri]
vi. & vt. 变化；变异
Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing — much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.
最重要的是，它会不断调整和改进训练的项目，以进一步提高你正在形成的各种优势，这和有效的常规锻炼方式相类似，需要你提升耐力，并改变肌肉的使用方式。（2014年英语一英语完形填空）
exceptional [ɪkˈsepʃənl]
adj. 罕见的，不寻常的；非常好的，杰出的
For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is, “Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.”
对于这些人以及那些也许不如此显赫的人来说，适当的诠释是：“不惜一切代价取得成功，但要避免表现出雄心勃勃的样子。”（2000年英语阅读理解Text 5）
lure [lʊr]
vt. 引诱，诱惑；吸引
Fast-food chains should also stop offering "inducements" such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.
斯蒂芬森说，快餐连锁店也应停止用玩具、可爱的小动物玩具、手机话费等“诱惑物”来吸引年轻的顾客。（2011年英语二阅读理解Part B）
n. 诱惑物，诱惑力；鱼饵，诱饵
I find the lure of the unknown irresistible. (Sylvia Earle-American scientist)
我发现未知的诱惑是难以抗拒的。
profile[ˈprəʊfaɪl]
n. 侧面轮廓；简介，描述；
常见搭配：high-profile 高调的
He has also criticised the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-profile attempt to improve school lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behaviour.
他还批评了名厨杰米•奥利弗(Jamie Oliver)高调在中主张在英国改善校园午餐的做法，以此为例说明“说教”并不是改变人们行为的最佳方式。（2011年英语二阅读理解Part B）
earnest [ˈɜːr nɪst]
adj. 热心的；真挚的
Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
于是情况就成了这样：左边是愤怒的批评家，右边是愚蠢的支持者，而中间，和