高考频度：★★★★★
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时刻、地点或缘故(一样为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用＂介词＋which＂结构替换。
☞I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。
2.当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时刻、地点和缘故的词仍用which/that。
☞Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting?
这是他在会议上说明的无礼的缘故吗？
3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，假如引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；假如不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。
☞黄致列改变自己The media can often help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.
媒体经常能够关心解决问题，把注意力吸引到需要关心的情形。
关系代词和关系副词的选择
用法 | 依据 |
依照从句谓语动词 | 若是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词则用关系副词。 |
依照关系词在从句中作的成分 | 把关系词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；作状语则用关系副词。 |
1.（2021·天津卷）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。这是一个定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句缺少时刻状语，因此用关系副词when引导。故选D。
【易错提醒】
当先行词是时刻名词时，既能够用when引导定语从句，也能够用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?
你还记得我们整夜谈天的那些生活吗？（when在从句中作状语）
☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?
你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些生活吗？（that或which作spent的宾语）
我的兄弟叫顺溜主题曲2.Experiments with domestic dogs, one animal was given a treat and another denied, have shown that they possess a sense of fairness as they shared their treats.
A. what B. where C. 愿得一人心 李行亮that D. which
【参考答案】B
【易错提醒】
1. 当先行词为地点名词时，假如关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40年前建筑的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，因此要用which/that，而不用where）
邵峰老婆2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把小孩们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们专门有关心。
3. 关系副词why指缘故，代替先行词并在定语从句中作缘故状语，其先行词一样是reason。
☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们关心的理由吗？
3. Do you know the reason Mary is crying?
A. when B. where C. why D. that
【参考答案】C
【易错提醒】
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which来引导定语从句。如：
☛I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你给我们的那个理由。（定语从句中缺少宾语，因此要用which/that，而不用why）
题组一 基础过关
I. 用适当的关系词填空
1. Do you remember the scene ________ Cao Cao and Liu Bei were drinking?
2. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.
3. I will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village.
4. Do you know the reason John is so angry?
5. None of us know the reason ________ Tom was absent from the meeting.
6. The reason ________________ he explained at the meeting for his absence didn’t make sense.
7. I still remember the night ________ she left the house.
8. However, this was a time one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.
9. Today we have reached a stage we have almost no rights at all.
10. The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living.
题组二能力提升
1.Experiments with domestic dogs, one animal was given a treat and another denied, have shown that they possess a sense of fairness as they shared their treats.
A. what B. where C. that D. which
2.Do you know the reason Mary is crying?
A. when B. where C. why D. that
3.The latest trend is the ＂A4 waist challenge＂ 宇桐非 women take photos with a A4-sized paper placed in front of their midriffs (上腹部).
A. which B. where C. when D. as
4. The exact year__________ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.
A. When B. where C. why D. which
5. Miss Li found herself in an embarrassing position she didn’t know which side she should support.
A. where B. that C. which D. when
6. —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?mario lopez
—You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only $15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
7. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
8. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory we are working.
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