专题04  阅读理解之说明文02
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！
养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。在这个时候，学生要尽快到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【精选真题01】
（2022·河南中原名校联考）
Heat can kill. It lowers a worker’s ability to concentrate and leads to notable increases in workplace injuries, research suggests.
Yet, for reasons including financial need, workplace pressure and a lack of awareness of the health impacts of high temperatures, many people continue to work past their heat tolerance. Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat. Even the fittest people in the world are impressionable like the Olympic athletes collapsing in the baking heat of Tokyo.
There are some easy ways to reduce the risk of heat exhaustion (热衰竭). Optimizing work hours to avoid workers being out when the sun is at its hottest may have the greatest effect on employee health.
Individualized, wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion. Early adoption of these devices would be a win-win, according to Dr Jennifer Runkle, an environmental epidemiologist (流行病学家): boosting productivity and reducing injury “while ensuring the health and safety of an ageing workforce and reducing the risk of heat exhaustion”.
Wider take-up of wearable heat sensors by employees, employers and healthcare providers would also help overcome gaps in heat awareness.
“One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables” , said Dr Runkle.
Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability. One such device is Sony’s Reon Pocket 2, which it launched in April. A wearable cooling or warming device worn inside clothing, it uses electrical conductors that transfer (转移) heat when electricity is run through them.
There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in Jinan, China. Responsible employers should be providing drinks and shaded rest areas to outdoor workers.
8. What does the underlined word “impressionable” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Highly impressive.    B. Slightly sensible.    C. Easily influenced.    D. Hardly evaluated.
9. What did Dr Runkle find out?
A. The workforce was ageing rapidly.
B. Wearable heat sensors lacked great accuracy.
C. Employers attached little importance to heat exhaustion.
D. Workers’ heat awareness and actual heat were different.
10. Why are bus drivers in Jinan mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. To stress the popularity of Reon Pocket 2.
B. To show their employers are responsible.
C. To reveal they are very tolerant of extreme heat.
D. To describe their unbearable pressure of work.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Adjustments to Work Hours Can Be Life-saving.
B. Campaigners Are Calling for Workplace Protection.
C. How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers?
D. How Were Body Temperature Monitors Invented?
【答案】8. C    9. D    10. B    11. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术。
【解析】
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Outdoor workers, notably those within the construction and agricultural industry, are the most affected by rising heat.(户外工作人员，尤其是建筑业和农
业行业的工作人员，受高温影响最大。)”可知，划线词所在句子的意思是“即使是世界上最健康的人也容易受影响，就像奥运会运动员在东京的高温中倒下一样”，划线词impressionable的意思是“容易受影响”，和Easily influenced意思相近，故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的““One important finding we discovered in our research with outdoor workers is that there was a mismatch between workers ability to sense heat risk and their actual exposure to extreme heat gained by wearables” , said Dr Runkle.(朗克尔博士说:“我们在对户外工作者的研究中的一个重要发现是，工作者感知热风险的能力与他们实际接触到的可穿戴设备带来的极端高温之间存在不匹配。”)”可知，Dr Runkle发现工人的热意识与实际热情况不同。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“There are promising examples of companies taking more responsibility for protecting workers from extreme heat, such as managers of bus drivers in
Jinan, China.(在保护员工免受酷暑伤害方面，有一些公司承担更多责任的例子，比如中国济南公交车司机的管理人员。)”可知，最后一段提到济南的公交车司机是为了显示他们的雇主是负责任的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段的“Individualized, wearable sensors could be a useful tool for determining likely heat exhaustion.(个性化的可穿戴传感器可能是确定可能的中暑衰竭的有用工具。)”和倒数第二段的“Another aid could be wearable cooling technology, but such devices are limited in availability.(另一种帮助可能是可穿戴冷却技术，但这种设备的可用性有限。)”可知，本文主要讲的是减少户外工作的员工中暑风险的两种新技术，因此最好的标题是C选项“How Can New Technology Protect Outdoor Workers?(新技术如何保护户外工作者？)”，故选C。