1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如：Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如： What did Jim do yesterday?littlebirdy
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5．不规则动词过去式：
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat
过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________
用行为动词的适当形式填空
1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I _______ at school just now.
2. He ________ at the camp last week.
3. We ________ students two years ago.
4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
句型转换
1. It was exciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2. All the students were very excited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3. They were in his pocket.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
用be动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ an English teacher now.
2. She _______ happy yesterday.
3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.
4. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.
5. The little dog _____ two years old this year.
6. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.
7. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday..
8. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June. It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.
副词
#副词可以修饰形容词、动词、副词或整个句子，说明时间、程度、方式等概念。
例如：The book is very good. 
      He runs fast.
    She came here quite early. 
    Certainly I will go with you.
#变化：
1． 直接在形容词后加-ly,
careful-carefully, slow-slowly,
2． 以辅音字母加 y结尾的形容词，把 y变 I,  加-ly,
happy-happily, lucky-luckily
3． 有些词形容词和副词的形式相同，不需要做任何变化
fast, hard, late
4． 有些词加上-ly后意思与原词相差很远：
near-nearly, high-highly, late-lately, 
#副词的比较级变化规则与形容词比较级基本相同，以ly结尾的副词一般用more。
.  more carefully ，more quietly
副词的比较级
1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)
⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后
⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后
2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)
3．副词加er的规则：
⑴一般在词尾加er ；
⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；
⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；
⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。
一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级
old__________ young________ tall_______ long________
short________ strong________ big________ small_______
fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________
nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________
low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________
late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______
二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：
1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.
2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.
3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.
4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.
5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.
6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.
______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.
is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.
eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..
is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?
gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?
girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.
14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).
child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.
三、翻译句子：
1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。
________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are
2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.
________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.
3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。
_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.
4、谁的苹果更重，你的的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。
_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______?
My ____________ ___________.
Few、a few 、little 、a little 的区别
虽然都表示“少”，但它们有着很大的区别：
      few（否）“几乎没有”“有几个”= not many; hardly any
可数                                                  +可数名词复数
      a few（肯）“有几个”= some; several; a small number of
        little（否）“没有多少”“几乎没有”（反：much）
不可数                                              +不可数名词单数
      a little（肯）“有点儿”（反：none）
 
注：（1）not a few = no few = quite a few = a good few = many
  （2）当 few受 every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：
  In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again.
  It took us some few days to repair the machine.
  They are very few in number.
  There were too few of them.
  He goes to see his grandma every few weeks.
  （3）在非正式英语中，一般很少用little，常用not much, only a little来代替，如：
We haven’t got much money / time.
一、填空。  　
1.He has _________ friends there.
2.The lake is not near,so there’s ____  people going swimming there.
3.I like a _______ sugar in my tea.
4.There are a _______ students eating lunch now.
5.There are a _______ chocolates left in the box.
6.I usually only eat a _______ at lunch time.
7.There are only a _______ ships left .
8.A _______ people were waiting for the bus.
9.Can I have a _______ jam on my bread, please?
10.Very _______ children like getting up a 5 o'clock in the morning.
11.I've only got a _______ money left to spend at the shop.
12.I've only got a _______ money in my bag
13.You have to hurry to school, there’s _______ time left.
14.He wanted to drink __________ orange juice
can的用法功能
（1）表示“能力”
can最主要的用法是表示说话人的语气和情态，表示“能力”是can的最大特征；could是can的过去式，侧重于主语过去的能力。如：
He can see a cat on the floor. 他能看见地板上有只猫。
2）表示请求允许
can用于疑问句，表示向别人征求意见、询问消息等。如：Can I / ？“我（你）能……？”常见于口语中，但不如could委婉（此时的could没有过去的意思，只表示语气委婉）。“Could I / ？”结构的肯定回答有：Yes. / Yes, I can. / Of course. / Yes, please. / That's OK. 否定回答有：Sorry. / Sorry, I can't等。
can
1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）
Mary can speak three languages.（知识）
2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?
----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.
此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could
3.表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?
This can’t be done by him.
Can you skate?（技能）
此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.
当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
must必须，应当
①You must get to the airport before nine o'clock. 你必须在九点以前到达飞机场。
must的用法
1.表示必须、应该(否定形式用needn't或don't have to )。例如:
-Must I finish the work before dark?
-No, you needn't / don't have to. You may leave it for tomorrow.
not (mustn't)表示强烈禁止。例如:
You mustn't get to school late.
3.表示推测,只用在肯定句中,"一定"、"想必"之意。其否定意义"不可能",用can't be形式。例如:
-The light in her room is still on; she must be at home now.
-She can't be at home. I saw her out just ten minutes ago. She forgot to turn off her light.
五、英汉互译（10分）
1.在周六上午________________      　2. my e -mail address ___________
3.寻求笔友________________            great !_______________
5.关于天气 ______________          of the time ______________
7.去野餐__________________          8. run out of the shop_____________
9.一位英国女孩___________            contest________________
六、选择正确的答案，将序号填在题前的括号内。（16分）
（    ） often go shopping at the weekends.
        A . Mum and I  B. I and Mum  C. Me and Mum.  D. Mum and me .
(    ) 2. The film was so _________ .We all liked it .
        A .excite              C. exciting      D. an exciting
(    ) 3. My birthday is _______the 2nd of June .Nancy’s birthday is _____June ,too.
        A. on,on      B. in, on        C. on, in        D. in,in
(    ) 4 .Are the sweaters yours? __Yes , ___________________.
        A. It’s hers      B. They’re theirs  C. It’s ours.    D. they’re ours .
(    ) 5. I am 150cm ,Tom is 152cm .So Tom is _______ than me .
        A. taller      B. younger              D. lower
(    ) 6 .They know a lot about animals ,but they want to know ______about them .
        A. many      B. much                  D. some
(    ) 7 Every morning Ben’s grandfather ________ for  a walk around the lake.
        A .go                  C. went        D. is going
(    ) 8 Walk into your bedroom _________ because your father is sleeping .
        A. quiet      B. quietly        C. loud        D. loudly
(    ) 9 Can I have _______ writing paper ?
        A .a          B. an            C. some        D. any
(    ) 10 There are ________ days .The ________ day is Saturday .
A. seven ; seven  B. seventh;seventh  C. seven; seventh D. seven; sixth
(    ) 11 My mother can ______ delicious food .
A. cooks              C. cooked           
(    ) 12 Let me _________ , please .
        A. go home    B. to go home  C. to go to home  D. to home
(    ) 13 The pair of socks ________ very nice .
        A. look      B. looks        C. is looking      D. are looking
(    ) 14 Where ______ you a moment ago ?
        A. are        B. is          C. were          D. was
(    ) 15 .The days get ________ and the nights get ________ in winter .
        A. shorter ;longer ; shorter C. short; long  ; short
七、用所给单词的设当形式填空（8分）
1. He likes _______ (listen) to music .Me ,too.
2. My English teacher often ________ (go)  ________(jog) after school .
3. Your classroom is on the ________ (four) floor (层) .
4. My mother can ________(make) delicious food .She _______(make) some for us now .
5. Yesterday my mum _______(come) to our school .
6. __________(be) there any water in the bottle now ?
八、根据中文提示将下列句子补充完整。（6分）
1. 他们正在讨论他们的周末计划。
They are talking about _________ _____________ _________ the weekends.
2. 你和你个子一样高吗？
_______ you as _______ as your sister?
3. 我将要去超市为我父母买礼物。
I’ll go to the _____________ to buy some ___________ for my ___________ .
4. 我父亲正在他的书房里写信。
My father _______ ________ _______ _________ in his study .
九、按要求完成下列句子。（6分）
1. He has a brother and a sister . （改为一般疑问句）
_______ he ______ any brothers or sisters ?
2. Open the windows .（改为否定句）  _______ ________ the window .
3. She is watching cartooons at home now .（改为一般现在时）
Sometimes she ________ ________ at home .
4. Jim is good at PE . （改为同义句）  Jim _______ _________  in  PE.
5. We saw a play last Sunday . （用tomorrow 替换 last Sunday）
We are  _________ _________see a play  tomorrow .
6. 秋天是北京最美的季节。（汉译英）
It’s the _______  ________ in autumn in Beijing .
十、从Ⅱ栏中选出Ⅰ栏相对应的选项。（8分）
Ⅰ                            Ⅱ
（    ） would you like ?                A.
(    ) is the History Museum?          B. Peter .
(    ) I have an envelope ?                C. No, I’m not .
(    ) do you want to write to ?        D. I’d like some chocolate .
(    ) are you going ?                  E. Here you are .
(    ) you as heavy as your sister?          F. This way ,please .
(    )’s your telephone number ?          G. Only three.
(    ) many stops are there?          H. We’re going to the theatre .
十一、阅读理解。（16分）
A
I am from the USA . My name is Helen . I am Liu Tao’s penfriend . Liu Tao is twelve years old . I’m as old as him . There are four people in my family . My father is a doctor . My mother teaches English in a primary school . My brother Jack is only four years old . He is lovely . We all love him very much .
根据上下文内容，填入适当的单词。（每空一词）。（6分）
Liu Tao _________ a penfriend .________ name is Helen . She’s  an  __________ girl .There are ________ people in her family . Her father works in the ___________, and her mother is a _________ .
B
One day , Mr and Mrs White go shopping by car . They stop their car near a shop . They buy many things from the shop . And the things are very heavy , so they want to put them in their car .
But Mr White can’t open the door of the car . “Let’s ask a policeman for help .” says Mrs White . They ask a policeman to help them . The policeman is very friendly to help them open the door of the car . At that time a man comes up and shouts , “What are you doing with my car ?” Mr and Mrs White look at the number of the car , then they say sorry to the man .
根据短文内容选择正确答案。（5分）
(    ) 1. Mr and Mrs White go shopping __________ .
        A. by bike          B. by car          C. with their son
(    ) 2. They want to _________ .
A. put the heavy things into their car
B. look for a policeman
C. buy a car
(    ) 3. Mr White can’t open the door of the car ____________ .
A. but Mrs White can
B. but the policeman can
C. but the owner of the car can
(    ) 4. _________ helps them open the door of the car .
        A. An old man      B. A woman        C. A policeman
(    ) 5. They look at __________ and they know they are wrong .
        A. the policeman    B. the man        C. the number of the car
C
Dear John,
I saw your name in the newspaper .I would like to be your penfriend .
I am twelve years old . I live in Shanghai .I am a Pudong Primary School .We study Chinese ,English ,Maths ,Science ,Art ,PE and some other subjects .My favourite subjects are PE and Maths . I like playing basketball with my friends after school . I like collecting stamps ,too .I have a lot of beautiful stamps . I will finish primary school soon and go to middle school.
I’d like to know everying about you . Please write to me soon . My e-mail address is gaoshan @ .
Best wishes!
Yours ,
Gao Shan
根据短文，判断下面的句子与短文内容是否相符，相符的写“T”,不相符的写“F ”。（5分）
(    ) know John’s name from the magazine .
(    )2. The letter is from John to Gao Shan .
(    )3. Gao Shan’s favourite subjects are Maths and PE .
(    )4. Gao Shan likes collecting stamps and playing football.
(    )5. Gao Shan doesn’t have e-mail address.