一、阅读理解
B1
Why is it called Mars? You might have asked yourself this before. Well, Mars is the name of the Roman god of war. People have seen the planet as a symbol of war for thousands of years. The ancient Greeks（希腊） called the planet Ares after their god of war. Chinese people called it the“fire star" for the same reason.
Scientists have been interested in the planet since long before any space tasks. Egyptian scientists first saw Mars in the sky more than 4,000 years ago. Since then, people from all over the world have studied the planet.
spring rainOver the years, scientists have continued to study the planet and learned some basic things about it.
Mars is 10 times lighter and about 6 times smaller than Earth. Earth is 93 million miles (about 150 million km) from the sun, while Mars is 142 million miles away. That means it is much colder on Mars. In fact, the average temperature on Mars is - 62℃. Scientists found water on Mars long ago, but because of the low temperatures there, it is frozen. One day on Mars is called a sol and is about 40 minutes longer than one Earth day. The Red Planet's surface gravity（引力） is only 37% as strong as Earth's, meaning you would be able to jump nearly two times higher on Mars.
1. What did the ancient Greeks call Mars?
A. Mars B. Ares C. The“fire star" D. The Red Planet
2. Which of the following is TRUE about Mars?
A. Chinese scientists first saw Mars. B. Mars is lighter and bigger than Earth.
中国版的我们结婚了C. Earth is father from the sun than Mars. D. A sol is about 1480 minutes.
3. An astronaut may jump like____on Mars.
A.
Earth Mars
B.
Earth Mars
C.
Earth Mars
D.
Earth Marstf家族街舞少年
4. The passage is probably taken from a(an) ________.
A. history book B. story book C. science book D. art book
B2
Now， it may be difficult to predict the future，but many people believe that we will live on Mars by the year 2100. Our own planet，Earth，is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Well，what problems will we need to solve before we prepare to go to Mars?
First of all，transport should be much better. At present, humans need to spend months going to Mars by spaceship. However，by 2100，spaceship can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get there!
Secondly，humans need food，water and air to live. Scientists should develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food，water and air that we need. However，there is no answer for all the problems now.
There is also a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars attracts us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space there. We will have to wear special shoes to make ourselves heavier.
In some ways，life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. Food will not be the same — meals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also，space travel will probably make many people feel very uncomfortable.
1. According to the passage，by the year 2100，we will possibly live_____.
A. on Mars B. on the moon C. in the spaceship D. in the sea
2. So far，how long does it take us from the earth to Mars by spaceship?
A. Two or three days. B. A few days. C. A few months. D. A few years.
3. According to the passage，which of the following is wrong?
lulalulaA. A special plant which can produce water，air and food should be needed on Mars.
B. We may go to Mars when transport is much better and faster.
C. We can jump higher on Mars than on the earth. D. Food on Mars will be much better to eat.
4. We will have to wear special shoes to _____ if we want to live on Mars.
A. make ourselves lighter B. walk faster C. make ourselves heavier D. jump higher
5. Why do we want to live on Mars?
A. Life on Mars is more interesting than that on the earth.
B. The earth is becoming dirty and there are too many people..
C. The journey to Mars is very interesting. D. The scientists want us to do that.
B3
Mars is a planet. It is the fourth planet from the sun and is more than 200 million kilometers from it. That is a very long way. Mars is also a very long way away from the earth but sometimes you can see it clearly at night. Most stars are white. Mars is a bit red.
It is not a very big planet. It is about half the size of the earth. The earth has one moon. Mars has two moons. They are called Photos and Deimos.
Long ago, the only way to study Mars was just to look at it. People with good eyes could see me things but not everything.
Later on, it was easier, because scientists had telescopes. They could see Mars more clearly. They learned much more about Mars this way.
In the 20th century things got even better. First of all, we had spacecraft (宇宙飞船).They flew close to Mars and sent back information. Then, they sent spacecraft to fly in orbit (轨道) around Mars. Finally, spacecraft landed on Mars. Maybe one day a man will walk on Mars.
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