高中英语重点词语辨析汇总(3)
51.lie / lay
(注意动词变化形式)
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
中文意思
lie
lay
lain
lying
躺下;位于
lie
lied
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lied
lying
说谎
lay
laid
laid
laying
安放;下蛋
例259:The boy who lay on the table lied to me that the hen lying there laid two eggs that day.
(躺在桌面上的那男孩对我撒谎说,蹲在那里的母鸡当天下了两个蛋。)
52.lie in / lie on / lie to
lie in:位于(属于,包含其中)。lie to:位于(不属于,隔开)。lie on:位于(接壤,比邻关系)。例如
例260:Fujian lies in the southeast of China, to the west of Taiwan, and on the east of Jiangxi.
53.lose / miss
lose:丢失,失去;迷路。例如:
例261:She lost her way in the mist(雾).
miss:丢失;不见;错过;遗漏;想念。例如:
例262:—When did you lose your purse? (你什么时候丢了钱包?)
—I don’t know. When I got home, I found it missing.
(不知道。我到家时,发现钱包不见了。)
例263:It’s a very interesting film; you mustn’t miss it.
再靠近一点点
(这是一部很有趣的电影,千万别错过了。)
54.prepare / prepare for / make preparations for / be prepared for
prepare:准备。prepare for / make preparations for (=get ready for):为……而准备。be prepared for (=be ready for):准备好做……。例如:
例264:I am preparing my lessons. (我在准备功课。此处未说明准备功课为了什么。)
例265:I am preparing for the exam. (我在为考试做准备。此处未说明准备什么。)
本句相当于:I am making preparations for the exam.
例266:I am preparing my lessons for the exam. (我在为考试而准备功课。)
例267:I am well prepared for the exam.( 这场考试我已做好充分准备。)
55.protect / prevent
protect:保护。例如:
例268:The villagers were planting trees to protect the crops from the strong wind.
阿里阿里中文歌词
(为保护庄稼免受强风侵害,村民在植树。)
prevent:阻止。例如:
例269:The villagers were planting trees to prevent the strong wind from harming the crops.
56.raise / lift / rise / arise
raise:举起(由下往上);提出;饲养。例如:
例270:In order to make himself heard, he raised his voice.
例271:Many shops raised their prices during the Christmas period.
例272:The boy is not strong enough to raise the heavy box.
例273:I’ll raise the question at tomorrow’s meeting. (我会在明天的会议上提出这个问题。)爱的王道
例274:Raising pigs is his full-time job. (养猪是他的专职工作。)
lift:提起(由上)。例如:
例275:He lifted a stone, only to drop it on his own foot.(他搬石头砸自己的脚。)
例276:She went shopping, lifting a basket. (她提着箩筐,购物去了。)
rise:上升(相当于go up);起身(相当于stand up);起床(相当于get up)。例如:
例277:Prices rise day by day. (价格一天天上涨。)
例278:Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas period.
例279:The sun rises in the east.
例280:The old lady was too weak to rise.
例281:I was about to rise when another guest came in.
(我正要起身,这时又进来一位客人。)
例282:Thomson rises at 6:00 every morning.
arise是不及物动词,主要意义为“出现,产生”,常用于借喻。例如:
例283:Some new difficulties have recently arisen in our work.
(最近在我们的工作中又出现了一些新困难。)
例284:A strong wind arose and blew over our boat. (一阵狂风吹起,刮翻了我们的小船。)
57.receive / accept
receive:收到,获得;款待,遭受。例如:
例285:Yesterday we received his e-mail, telling us that he was well received by the nativ
e students while he was receiving further education in the States.
(昨天我们收到他的,说他在美国进修期间,很受当地学生的欢迎。)
accept:接受,答应。例如:
例286:He didn’t accept the invitation he received yesterday.
例287:I cannot accept you as my assistant. (我不能接收你为助手。)
58.remember / remind / memorize
remember:记忆,回忆。表示过去的事情留在记忆里,无需经过有意识的努力便可在脑子中出现。例如:
例288:I remember paying him already. (我记得已给他报酬了。)
例289:Please remember to turn off the lights when you leave the office.
(离开办公室时请记得关灯。)
memorize:记住,熟记。相当于learn … by heart。例如:
例290:Please memorize the first paragraph of the passage. (请熟记本文的第一段。)
remind:提醒,使想起。表示由相似之物或相关人员引起联想,唤起记忆。例如:
例291:The song reminded me of my childhood. (这首歌使我想起了我的童年。)
59.require / demand / request
金希澈图片
require,demand和request都有“要求”的意思,其宾语从句多用虚拟语气。require侧重于制度方面的要求;demand侧重于理直气壮的要求;request侧重于客气的要求。如:
例292:It is required that everybody (should) go to school at 7:00. (要求每个人7点到校。)
例293:The workers demanded that they (should) be given a rise. (工人们要求加工资。)
例294:All I request of you is that you (should) be early. (我对你的要求就是你应该早点来。)
60.result in / result from小鲤鱼历险记片尾曲
result in:导致,引起。相当于lead to,cause。例如:
例295:Careless driving resulted in the accident. (粗心驾驶导致这场事故。)
result from:由于,产生于。相当于lie in。例如:
例296:The accident resulted from careless driving. (这场事故是由于粗心驾驶造成的。)
61.rob / steal / pick
rob:抢劫,掠夺,指公开用暴力抢劫他人财物,常用于rob somebody / someplace of something结构。例如:
例297:He was robbed of his wallet.
steal:偷窃(指暗中窃取),常用于steal something from somebody / someplace结构。例如:
例298:Robins is accused of stealing thousands of dollars from his employer.
例299:When he got home he found his TV set stolen. 比较:
例300:When he got home he found his house robbed.
(此处不能用stolen,房子不可能被偷走,偷走的只能是东西。)
pick:扒窃(常与pocket连用)。例如:
例301:Someone picked my pocket on the bus the other day.
62.run out / run out of
run out:耗尽。其后不接宾语,无被动结构,相当于give out。例如: