融洽：I’m glad you get on so well with her. 我很高兴你和她相处得如此融洽。 ◇ She and her sister have never really got on. 她与妹妹一直合不来。
2) (with sth)= get along (with sth) 进步；进展：He’s getting on very well at school. 他在学校学得很好。How did you get on at the interview? 你面试的情况怎么样？ ◇ I’m not getting on very fast with this job. 我这项工作进展不太快。
3) (with sth)（尤指中断后）继续做某事：Be quiet and get on with your work. 安静下来，继续干你的事。 ◇ Let’s get on with the meeting. 我们继续开会吧。
get over sb/sth
从疾病（或不愉快的经历）中恢复过来：He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he’ll get over it. 他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。◇He never really got over Jennifer when their relationship finished. 自从和珍妮弗分手后，他从未真正恢复过来。 ◇ It has taken me ages to get over the flu. 我得了感冒，很久才好起来。
get over sth
to successfully deal with a problem or difficulty 解决（问题）；克服（困难）：She can’t get over her shy
ness. 她无法克服羞怯心理。 ◇ I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty.
我认为这个问题不太难解决。
get sth ↔ over (to sb)
(= get sth ↔ across) to make sth clear to sb 向（某人）讲清某事；让（某人）明白某事：He didn’t really get his meaning over to the audience. 他未能完全把他的意思向听众讲清楚。
get through sth
to manage to do or complete sth 处理；完成：We’ve got a lot of work to get through. 我们有许多活儿要干。
get through sth; get sb through sth
（帮某人）渡过（难关）；（帮某人）应对（困难）：I don’t know how we’re going to get through the winter. 我不知道我们如何挨过这个冬天。◇I don’t know how I got through the first couple of months after Andy’s death. 安迪去世后的那几个
月我都不知道是怎么熬过来的。◇It was their love that got me through those first difficult months.
是他们的爱帮助我熬过头几个月的困难时期。
get through (sth)
顺利通过（考试等）：Tom failed but his sister got through. 汤姆考试不及格，可她顺利通过了。
◇The whole class got through the exam. 全班都通过了考试。
get through (to sb)
（用电话）接通，打通，联系上：I tried calling you several times but I couldn’t get through. 我试着给你打了几次电话，但都没打通。
get (sth) through to sb
使（某人）明白；（把…）向（某人）讲清楚：I find it impossible to get through to her. 我发觉根
本无法让她听懂。
get together (with sb)
聚会；相聚：We must get together for a drink sometime. 我们什么时候得聚在一起喝一杯。
get up
站起；起来；起身：The class got up when the teacher came in. 老师进来时全班起立。
get up; get sb up
（使）起床：What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床？ ◇ Could you get me up early tomorrow? 你明天早点叫我起床行吗？
give sb/sth ↔ away
to make known sth that sb wants to keep secret 泄露；暴露：It was her eyes that gave her away (= showed how she really felt). 她的眼睛流露了她的真实情感。 ◇ She gave away state secrets to the enemy. 她把国家机密泄露给了敌人。
give sth ↔ away
to give sth as a gift 赠送；捐赠：He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给了慈善事业。◇I gave most of my books away when I left college. 我大学毕业时把大部分书都送掉了。
give in
1) to admit that you have been defeated in a game,
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短语动词
fight, competition etc 屈服；认输；投降：The rebels were forced to give in. 叛乱分子被迫投降了。◇You’ll never guess the answer — do you give in? 你永远也猜不到答案的——你认输吗？
2) to finally agree to what someone wants, after refusing for a period of time （先是拒绝，后来）勉强同意，让步：Eventually I gave in and accepted the job on their terms. 最后我作出让步，按照他们的条件接受了这份工作。 ◇ The government refused to give in to their demands. 政府对他们的要求拒不妥协。
give sth in (to sb); hand sth ↔ in (to sb)
to hand over sth to sb in authority 呈上；交上：Please give your work in before Monday. 请在星期一之前把作业交上来。
give off sth
发出（气味、光、热、声音等）：The flowers gave off a fragrant perfume. 花儿散发出芳香。
give out
1) 用完；耗尽：After a month their food supplies gave out. 一个月后他们的食物储备消耗殆尽。
◇Her patience finally gave out. 她终于忍无可忍了。
2) if a machine or part of your body gives out, it stops working 停止运行；停止运转：One of the plane’s engines gave out in mid-Atlantic. 飞机飞到大西洋中部时一个发动机失灵了。◇At the end of the race his legs gave out and he collapsed on the ground. 到比赛终点时，他腿一软倒在了地上。
give sth ↔ out
to give sth to a lot of people 分发；散发：The teacher gave out the exam papers. 老师分发了试卷。
give out sth
1) 发出，放出（光、热等）：That lamp doesn’t give out a lot of light. 那盏灯不够亮。
2) to tell people about sth or broadcast sth 公布；
宣布；播放：No details of the accident have been given out yet. 事故的详情尚未公布。
give up
to stop trying to do sth 放弃（努力）：You shouldn’t give up so easily. 你不应该这么轻易就放弃。 ◇ We spent half an hour looking for the keys, but eventually gave up and went home. 我们了半小时的钥匙，但最后还是放弃，回家去了。
give sth ↔ up; give up doing sth
to stop doing or having sth 停止；中止；放弃；抛弃：She didn’t give up work when she had the baby.
她生了孩子后并未放弃工作。 ◇ She gave up all hope of seeing him again. 她对再次见到他不报任何希望。 ◇ You ought to give up smoking.
你应该戒烟。
go about sth; go about doing sth
to start working on sth 开始做某事；着手做某事：I want to learn German but I don’t know the best way to go about it. 我想学德语，但我不知道怎样学最好。 ◇ How should I go about finding a job?
我该怎样着手工作呢？
go after sb
to chase or follow sb 追赶某人；跟在某人后面：He went after the burglars. 他追赶那些窃贼。 ◇ She left the room in tears so I went after her. 她流着泪离开了房间，所以我随后追了出去。
go after sb/sth
to try to get sb/sth 追求；谋求：We’re both going after the same job. 我们俩都在谋求同一份工作。
go against sb/sth
to resist or oppose sb/sth 反抗（或反对）某人（或某事）；违背（信仰、原则等）：He would not go against his parents’ wishes. 他不愿违背父母的意愿。 ◇What you’re asking me to do goes against everything I believe in. 你现在要求我所做的事情违背了我的所有原则。
go ahead
1) 走在（某人）前面；先走：She went ahead of him into the house. 她在他前面进了屋子。 ◇ You go ahead and we’ll follow when we’re ready.
你先走一步，我们准备好了随后就去。
2) to happen; to be done 发生；进行：The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的修建将按计划进行。
3) (with sth) to start to do sth 开始做；着手干：to go ahead with the plan 开始实施这一计划
4)（用于给别人许可）请吧；说吧：“Do you mind if I open the window?” “No, go ahead.” “我开窗你介意吗？”“没关系，开吧。”
go along
to make progress; to develop 进展；发展：Things are going along nicely. 情况进展良好。
go around/round
1) 足够分给每个人；够每人一份：There aren’t enough chairs to go around. 椅子不够坐。◇Is there enough ice-cream to go around? 冰激凌够分吗？
2)（消息、疾病等）流传，传播：There’s a nasty virus going around the school. 有一种恶性病毒正在这所学校传播。◇There’s a rumor going around that they are having an affair. 谣传他们之间关系暧昧。
go away
1) to leave a person or a place 走开；离开：Go away and leave me alone! 走开！别管我！
2) 外出（尤指度假）：They’ve gone away for a few days. 他们已外出几天了。◇We’re going away for the weekend. 我们要出去过周末。
go back on sth
to fail to keep a promise; to change your mind about sth 违约；食言；改变主意：He never goes back on his word. 他从不食言。 ◇ He went back on his promise. 他违背了诺言。
go by
（时间）流逝，过去：As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse. 随着时间的推移，我的记忆力似乎每况愈下。
go down
（物价等）下跌；（温度等）下降：The price of oil is going down. 油价正在下跌。
go down (in sth)
to be written in sth; to be recorded or remembered in sth 被写下；被记下；载入：It all goes down in her notebook. 那些东西全记在她的笔记本上。
◇He will go down in history as a great statesman.
他作为伟大的政治家将名垂青史。
go in for sth
1) 参加考试（或竞赛）：I go in for all the competitions. 我什么比赛都参加。
2) 对…感兴趣；爱好：She never went in for dancing. 她对跳舞从不感兴趣。
go off
1) to leave a place, especially in order to do sth 离
开（尤指去做某事）：She went off to get a drink.
她拿饮料去了。
2) to be fired; to explode 开火；爆炸：The gun went off by accident. 走火了。 ◇ The bomb went off in a crowded street. 在挤满人的大街上爆炸了。
3)（警报器等）突然发出巨响：I’ve set the alarm clock to go off at 7 am. 我把闹钟设在早上7点。
4) if a light, the electricity, etc. goes off, it stops working （电灯）熄灭；（电）中断；停止运行：Suddenly the lights went off. 灯突然熄灭了。 ◇ The heating goes off at night. 暖气夜间停止供热。
go on
1)（灯）亮；通（电）；开始运行：Suddenly all the lights went on. 突然所有的灯都亮了。
2)（时间）流逝；过去：As time went on, I grew fond of him. 随着时间的推移，我慢慢地开始喜欢他了。
3) to happen （通常用于进行时）发生：What’s going on here? 这儿出了什么事？
4)（情况、形势）继续下去，持续：This cannot be allowed to go on. 决不允许这种情况继续下去。
◇ How much longer will this hot weather go on for? 这样炎热的天气还会持续多久？
5) to continue speaking, after a short pause （短暂
停顿后）继续说：She hesitated for a moment and then went on. 她犹豫了一会儿，然后继续往下说。
◇ “You know,” he went on, “I think my brother could help you.” “嗯，”他接着说，“我想我哥哥可以帮助你。”
6)（用于鼓励）来吧：Go on! Have another drink!
来吧！再喝一杯！ ◇ Go on — jump! 来呀——跳吧！
go on (with sth)
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短语动词
（尤指停顿或中断之后）继续做（某事）：That’s enough for now — let’s go on with it tomorrow. 现在就到这里——咱们明天再继续吧。◇I’m sorry I interrupted. Go on with your story. 对不起，打断你了。继续讲你的故事吧。
go on doing sth
to continue an activity without stopping 不停地做某事：He said nothing but just went on working.
他什么都不说只是不停地干活。
go on to do sth
to do sth after completing sth else （完成某事后）接着做另一件事：After they had read the text, the students went on to do the exercises．读完课文后，学生们继续做练习。
go out
（火或灯光）熄灭：Suddenly the candle went out.
蜡烛突然熄灭了。
go over sth
1) to examine or check sth carefully 仔细检查（或
审查）某物：Go over your work before you hand it in. 把作业仔细检查后再交。
2) 温习：I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam. 我在参加考试前总是会把复习笔记重温一遍。
go through sth
1) to look at or examine sth carefully, especially in order to find sth 仔细察看；仔细检查；仔细审查：Remember to go through the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 在把裤子放进洗衣机之前，要记着仔细翻翻裤兜。
2) to experience or suffer sth 经历，遭受（困境、
痛苦等）：to go through misery 经历痛苦◇He’s going through a divorce at the moment. 这阵子他正在经受离婚的痛苦。
3) to use up or finish sth completely 用完；耗尽：Have you gone through all your money already? 你把所有的钱都花完了吗?
go through with sth
将…进行到底：He bravely went through with the wedding ceremony even though he was in a lot of pain. 他虽然疼痛万分，但还是在婚礼中勇敢地
坚持了下来。◇I had no choice but to go through with it. 我没有别的选择，只有坚持到底。
go up
（价格、温度等）上涨，上升：The price of oil is going up. 油价正在上涨。
go without (sth)
to manage without sth that you usually have or need 没有…而勉强应付；没有…也行：There wasn’t time for breakfast, so I had to go without. 没有时间吃早饭，我也只好不吃了。◇Since there is no butter left, we had to go without. 既然奶油没了, 我们只得将就一下。
hand sth ↔ down (to sb)
(= pass sth ↔ down) 把某事物传下去；传给（后代）：The ring was handed down to her form her grandmother. 这枚戒指是她祖母传给她的。
hand sth ↔ in (to sb)
(= give sth in (to sb)) to give sth to a person in authority, especially a piece of work or sth that is lost 提
交，呈交，上交（尤指书面材料或失物）：Did you hand your homework in on time? 你准时交家庭作业了吗？◇I handed the watch in to the police. 我把那块表交给了警察。
hand sth ↔ out (to sb)
分发某物：Could you hand these books out, please?
请把这些书发给大家好吗？
hand over (to sb); hand sth ↔ over (to sb) 把（权力或责任）移交给（某人）：She resigned and handed over to one of her younger colleagues.
她辞职了，由一位比她年轻的同事接任。◇On his retirement, he handed the business over to his son. 他退休时把生意移交给了他儿子。
hang about
（在某处附近）等待，逗留，闲荡：kids hanging about in the streets 在街上东游西逛的孩子们
hang about/around with sb
to spend a lot of time with sb （和某人）长时间待在一起，泡在一块儿：I got into drugs because I was hanging around with the wrong people. 我染
上了毒瘾，这是因为我与坏人混在一起。
hang around; hang around sth
（在某处附近）等待，逗留，闲荡：Children hang around the streets because there’s nowhere for them to play. 孩子们在街上东游西逛，是因为他们没有地方玩。◇You hang around here in case he comes, and I’ll go on ahead. 你在这附近等着以防万一他来了，我继续往前走。
hang on
1) (to sth) to hold sth tightly 抓牢；握紧：Hang on tight and you won’t fall off. 你抓牢就不会掉下去。◇Hang on to my hand while we cross the road. 过马路时拉紧我的手。
2) 等一下；停一下：Hang on a minute — I’m nearly ready. 稍等一下，我快准备好了。
3) 别挂电话，等一下：Hang on — I’ll just see if he’s here. 等一下——我这就看看他在不在。
4)（在逆境中）坚持，不放弃：The team hung on for victory. 这个队为了胜利坚持不懈。
hang on to sth; hang onto sth
(= hold on to sth; hold onto sth) to keep sth, not sell it, give it away or lose it 保留；不卖掉；不放弃：Let’s hang on to those old photographs — they may be valuable. 咱们留着那些旧照片吧——它们或许有价值。
hang up; hang sth up
1)（把…）悬挂起来：He took off his suit and hung it up carefully. 他脱掉西装，小心地挂了起来。2) 挂断电话：I said goodbye and hung up. 我说
完再见就挂了电话。
3) 终止使用某物；不再从事（某职业）：Kate has hung up her dancing shoes. 凯特已挂起舞鞋退出舞台了。◇to hang up your football boots 挂靴
have sth back
收回被借走（或拿走）的东西：Can I have the book back by Thursday? 星期四之前能把书还给我吗？
have (got) sth on
（不用进行时）穿着；戴着：She had a red jacket on. 她穿着件红夹克。
head for sth; be headed for sth
1) 朝某方向行进；前往：She headed for the door.
她朝着门走去。◇The ship was heading for
Cuba. 船正驶往古巴。
2) 很可能遭受（不幸）；会招致：They’re heading for trouble. 他们要惹麻烦的。◇The country is headed for economic disaster. 国家将要陷入经济灾难。
head off
动身；出发：It’s time we headed off to get the train.
我们该动身去赶火车了。
hear from sb; hear sth from sb
收到某人的来信；接到某人的电话：I look forward to hearing from you. 我期待你的回信。
◇ I haven’t heard anything from Kate for ages. 凯特很长时间没和我联系了。
help out ; help sb out
帮助某人摆脱（困境）：He’s always willing to help out. 他总是急人之难。 ◇ My parents have helped us out on several occasions by sending us money. 我父母几次寄钱为我们救急。
hold sb/sth ↔ back
1) to prevent sb/sth from moving forward or crossing sth 阻拦；阻挡：The police were unable to hold back the crowd. 警察阻拦不住人。
2) to prevent the progress or development of sb/sth
阻碍…的发展：Teaching all the children together can hold the brighter children back. 所有孩子放在一起教，会妨碍聪明些的孩子进步。
get over youhold sth ↔ back
1) 不向（某人）透露情况；隐瞒：Tell me all about it — don’t hold anything back! 把所有情况都告诉我，什么都不要隐瞒！
2) 抑制，控制（感情等）；不露声：They couldn’t hold back their laughter. 他们忍不住大笑起来。
◇ He struggled to hold back his tears. 他强忍住眼泪。◇She just managed to hold back her anger.
她勉强压住了自己的怒火。
hold off; hold off doing sth
推迟（做某事）：I need to make a decision soon, but I’ll hold off until next week. 我得很快做出决定，但我会拖到下个星期。◇Hold off making your decision until Monday. 等到星期一再做决定吧。
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